In the spring of 2023, the Minister of Culture Lina Mendoni inaugurated the Archaeological Museum of Kythnos, a vision for the island's residents who had been waiting for thirty years for its realization. The Museum is housed in the old, one-story Primary School of Chora, in buildings that were constructed according to the first state school construction program (Royal Decree of 1894), to designs by the legal engineer Dimitris Kallias, which were granted by the Municipality of Kythnos to the Ministry of Culture.
The Museum's exhibition develops selected episodes and periods of the island's history from prehistoric times to the present day. Among them are the Mesolithic settlement of Maroulas, ancient metallurgy which is a timeless activity for the island, the ancient city of Kythnos at the location of Vryokastro with its public buildings, sanctuaries and cemeteries, the monasteries and temples of the Byzantine period, as well as the Castle of Oria from the Frankish period.